The study derives ‘a probabilistic prediction for globally averaged strength of CO2 fertilization in nature, for period 1850 to 2000 AD, implicitly net of other limiting factors such as nutrient availability” & predicts, ‘the increase in gross primary productivity (GPP) in response to a doubling of CO2 from pre-industrial values is very likely (90% confidence) to exceed 20%, with a most likely value of 40–60%’