‘If La Niña events can stop global warming, then how much do El Niño events contribute? 50%? The climate science community is actually hurting itself when they fail to answer the obvious questions’
…‘AGW lies, Hiroshima and academics’.: ‘This is a disgraceful bit of misanthropy made nonsensical by the fact that the natural energy of the system on Earth is a million times greater than the energy produced by humans and that the energy produced by humans is incremental’
AGW lies, Hiroshima and academics.
http://theclimatescepticsparty.blogspot.com/2013/08/agw-lies-hiroshima-and-academics.html
AGW lies, Hiroshima and academics.by Anthony CoxThe comparison between the alleged destruction cause by (Anthropogenic Global Warming) AGW and the atomic bomb dropped at Hiroshima was first raised by professor of geology Mike Sandiford. Sandiford compares the human effect on the environment to the atomic bomb:To put these numbers into a more human context we need a new measure for our energy use. The “Hiro” is one. It is the equivalent to the energy released by detonating one Hiroshima “Little Boy” bomb every second. One Hiro equals 60 trillion watts. In these terms, our human energy system operates at a rate of 0.25 Hiros, or one Hiroshima bomb every four seconds. That is the equivalent of more than eight million Hiroshima bombs going off each year.This is a disgraceful bit of misanthropy made nonsensical by the fact that the natural energy of the system on Earth is a million times greater than the energy produced by humans and that the energy produced by humans is incremental. We don’t set off atomic bombs when we walk out the door; our energy is expended over time.Such is the insignificance of the energy impact of humans on the Earth’s system that if humanity were to disappear tomorrow all traces of our energy would be gone in a geological blink of an eye.However Sandiford’s insidious metaphor has been picked up by another academic with even less pretension to expertise in the field of AGW. This time the Ivory Tower has let loose one David Holmes, a lecturer in communications, whatever that is.Holmes outdoes Sandiford because now humanity is letting off FOUR Hiroshima atomic bombs every second. Not one but four!As a taxpayer are you getting annoyed yet?Holmes continues by saying all these Hiroshimas, Hiros for short, are going into the oceans which is accumulating heat or energy or Joules or something at the usual rate leading to the destruction of all life on Earth as we know it; in short the usual hysterical alarmism from AGW acolytes.Holmes’ article is the usual garbage tip of scary images and smokestacks billowing out black smoke. If these people were not causing witless governments of all persuasions to waste billions this would be hilarious. But they are causing the wastage of billions so hilarious this is not.To go through each and every one of the canards dribbled out by Holmes the communicator …
New papers call into question the global sea surface temperature record — Published in Ocean Science
New papers call into question the global sea surface temperature record
http://hockeyschtick.blogspot.com/2013/07/new-papers-call-into-question-global.html
Two new companion papers published in Ocean Science call into question the data and methods used to construct global sea surface temperature records of the past 150 years. The authors find that measurements taken from ship engine cooling intakes can be “overly-warm by greater than 0.5°C on some vessels,” which by way of comparison is about the same magnitude as the alleged global sea surface temperature warming since 1870.
Furthermore, the authors “report the presence of strong near-surface temperature gradients day and night, indicating that intake and bucket measurements cannot be assumed equivalent in this region. We thus suggest bucket and buoy measurements be considered distinct from intake measurements due to differences in sampling depth. As such, we argue for exclusion of intake temperatures from historical SST datasets and suggest this would likely reduce the need for poorly field-tested bucket adjustments. We also call for improvement in the general quality of intake temperatures from Voluntary Observing Ships… We suggest that reliable correction for such warm errors is not possible since they are largely of unknown origin and can be offset by real near-surface temperature gradients.”
Data sets combining ship intake and bucket measurements show ~0.5C warming since 1870, but this new paper argues that the two types of measurement are from different sampling depths and should not be combined. Graph source: Bob Tisdale via WUWT
For more on the ship intake vs. buckets issue and the questionable adjustments involved, see these posts at WUWT & links to Climate Audit:
Historical Sea Surface Temperature Adjustments/Corrections aka “The Bucket Model”…
Buckets, Inlets, SST’s and all that – part 1
Resolving the biases in century-scale sea surface temperature measurements reveals some interesting patterns
Full papers available here:
Comparing historical and modern methods of sea surface temperature measurement – Part 1: Review of methods, field comparisons and dataset adjustmentsJ. B. R. MatthewsSchool of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, CanadaAbstract. Sea surface temperature (SST) has been obtained from a variety of different platforms, instruments and depths over the past 150 yr. Modern-day platforms include ships, moored and drifting buoys and satellites. Shipboard methods include temperature measurement of seawater sampled by bucket and flowing through engine cooling water intakes. Here I review SST measurement methods, studies analysing shipboard methods by field or lab experiment and adjustments applied to historical SST …
New paper finds climate change over decades primarily determined by the oceans — Published in journal Nature
New paper finds climate change over decades primarily determined by the oceans
http://hockeyschtick.blogspot.com/2013/07/new-paper-finds-climate-change-over.html
A new paper published in Nature finds climate change over timescales longer than 10 years is “primarily determined by the ocean,” which skeptics, including famed Professor Emeritus of Atmospheric Science Dr. William Gray, have been saying for years. According to the paper, “the ocean significantly affects long term climate fluctuations, while the seemingly chaotic atmosphere is mainly responsible for the shorter-term, year-to-year changes.”
According to the authors, “Our findings suggest that the predictability of mid-latitude North Atlantic air–sea interaction could extend beyond the ocean to the climate of surrounding continents,” corroborating the many papers which have demonstrated that ocean oscillations control land-based climate as well.
North Atlantic region, dark blue area was used for temperature data, red area for the heat flux. (Credit: C. Kersten, GEOMAR)
Deciphering the Air-Sea Communication: Ocean Significantly Affects Long-Term Climate FluctuationsJuly 25, 2013 — Why does hurricane activity vary from decade to decade? Or rainfall in the Sahel region? And why are the trans-Atlantic changes frequently in sync? A German-Russian research team has investigated the role of heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere in long-term climate variability in the Atlantic. The scientists analyzed meteorological measurements and sea surface temperatures over the past 130 years. It was found that the ocean significantly affects long term climate fluctuations, while the seemingly chaotic atmosphere is mainly responsible for the shorter-term, year-to-year changes.
The study appears in the current issue of the journal Nature, and provides important information on the predictability of long-term climate fluctuations.How do the ocean and atmosphere communicate? What information do they exchange, and what are the results? These are questions that climate scientists must ask, especially if they want to understand the cause of natural climate fluctuations of varying duration. These fluctuations superimpose the general global warming trend since the beginning of industrialization and thus complicate the accurate determination of human influence on the climate. The causes and mechanisms of natural climate variability, however, are poorly understood. A study led by scientists at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that the ocean currents influence the heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scales.The presumption of such predictability potential has been around for more than half a century. In 1964, the Norwegian climate researcher Jacob Bjerknes postulated different causes of climate variability …
New paper finds N. Atlantic ocean heat content & sea levels controlled by the natural Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation [AMO] — Published in the Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans
New paper finds N. Atlantic ocean heat content & sea levels controlled by the natural Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation [AMO]
http://hockeyschtick.blogspot.com/2013/07/new-paper-finds-n-atlantic-ocean-heat.html
A paper published today in the Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans finds ocean heat content and sea levels in the Northern North Atlantic are associated with the cycles of the natural Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation [AMO, also referred to as AMV]. The authors find the warming evident in sea levels and ocean heat content in the N. Atlantic during the satellite era [since 1979] “represents transition of the AMV from cold to warm phase” and note “an abrupt change 2009–2010 [in N. Atlantic sea levels] reaching a new minimum in 2010.”
The AMO, also sometimes referred to as Atlantic Multidecadal Variability [AMV], is an approximate ~70 year natural climate cycle that is highly correlated to Northern hemisphere and global temperature change.
Northern North Atlantic sea surface height and ocean heat content variabilitySirpa Häkkinen, Peter B. Rhines, Denise L. Worthen
Abstract: The evolution of nearly 20 years of altimetric sea surface height (SSH) is investigated to understand its association with decadal to multidecadal variability of the North Atlantic heat content. Altimetric SSH is dominated by an increase of about 14 cm in the Labrador and Irminger seas from 1993 to 2011, while the opposite has occurred over the Gulf Stream region over the same time period. During the altimeter period the observed 0–700 m ocean heat content (OHC) in the subpolar gyre mirrors the increased SSH by its dominantly positive trend. Over a longer period, 1955–2011, fluctuations in the subpolar OHC reflect Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) and can be attributed to advection driven by the wind stress “gyre mode” bringing more subtropical waters into the subpolar gyre. The extended subpolar warming evident in SSH and OHC during the altimeter period represents transition of the AMV from cold to warm phase. In addition to the dominant trend, the first empirical orthogonal function SSH time series shows an abrupt change 2009–2010 reaching a new minimum in 2010. The change coincides with the change in the meridional overturning circulation at 26.5°N as observed by the RAPID (Rapid Climate Change) project, and with extreme behavior of the wind stress gyre mode and of atmospheric blocking. While the general relationship between northern warming and Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) volume transport remains undetermined, the meridional heat and salt transport carried by AMOC’s arteries are rich with decade-to-century …
Ocean warming – it’s the aerosols: ‘From CSIRO, but sadly just with modeling, not empirical analysis’
Ocean warming – it’s the aerosols
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/07/23/ocean-warming-its-the-aerosols
From CSIRO, but sadly just with modeling, not empirical analysis: Rapid upper ocean warming linked to declining aerosols Australian scientists have identified causes of a rapid warming in the upper subtropical oceans of the Southern Hemisphere. They partly attribute the observed warming, and preceding cooling trends to ocean circulation changes induced by global greenhouse gas […]
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New paper finds 5 non-hockey-sticks in the Southern Ocean — Published today in Quaternary Science Reviews
New paper finds 5 non-hockey-sticks in the Southern Ocean
http://hockeyschtick.blogspot.com/2013/07/new-paper-finds-5-non-hockey-sticks-in.html
A paper published today in Quaternary Science Reviews shows 5 non-hockey-sticks from reconstructions of sea surface temperatures [SSTs] in the Southern Ocean, each of which demonstrates a long-term cooling of the Southern Ocean over the past 8,000 to 10,000 years.
Prior posts on non-hockey-sticks
Second through 6th graph from the top show sea surface temperature reconstructions from the Southern Ocean, each of which show a cooling over the Holocene [past ~11,000 years]. Horizontal axis is years before the present.
A review of the Australian–New Zealand sector of the Southern Ocean over the last 30 ka (Aus-INTIMATE project)
H.C. Bostock et al
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.07.018, How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Permissions & Reprints
Abstract
The Australia/New Zealand region of the Southern Ocean is influenced by several of the major global water masses of the oceans and is the prime entry point for cold deep waters into the Pacific basin. During the last glacial there was increased sea-ice extent around Antarctica (as far north as 55°S), as well as increased iceberg presence inferred from ice-rafted debris. Evidence from microfossil assemblages suggests that sea surface temperatures (SST) were up to 7 °C cooler, consistent with recent estimates of cooling for New Zealand derived from glacier modelling and other terrestrial proxies. The Subtropical Front (STF), Subantarctic Front (SAF) and Polar Front (PF) had migrated north, except where the position of the fronts were controlled bathymetrically. Despite the potential for iron fertilisation by increased dust input into the ocean during the glacial, there is limited evidence for higher total biological productivity in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The altered oceanic circulation during the glacial also decreased nutrients in the surface waters and affected the outgassing of CO2. This contributed to an increased storage of CO2 in the deep waters and lowering of the carbonate lysocline.
During the deglaciation, sea-ice retreat and SST increased rapidly at ∼18 ka, roughly synchronous with the reinvigoration of deep water circulation in the Southern Ocean and the release of CO2 stored in the deep waters. The gradient in carbon isotopes (δ13Cbenthic) between Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and lower Circumpolar Deep Water (LCDW) was greatest at the start of the deglaciation, suggesting that the AAIW ventilation preceded LCDW ventilation, or there was a significant change in air-sea fractionation of δ13C. There was a slight enrichment in δ18Oplanktic, decrease in …